fix(seismo-lab): remove duplicate capture history list

## v0.13.0 — 2026-05-01

### Fixed

- **SUB 5A bulk waveform stream — over-read bug for events ≥ 2 sec.**
  `read_bulk_waveform_stream` was walking the chunk counter past the actual
  end of the event, picking up post-event circular-buffer garbage that
  corrupted reconstructed Blastware files for any waveform > ~1 sec.  The
  loop now extracts the event's `end_offset` from the STRT record at
  `data[23:27]` of the probe response and stops the chunk walk when the next
  counter would step past it.  Verified against three BW MITM captures
  (4-27-26 + 5-1-26): 2-sec event drops from 37 over-read chunks to 7
  bounded chunks; 3-sec drops to 9; non-zero-start "event 2" drops to 9.

### Added

- `framing.bulk_waveform_term_v2(key4, end_offset, last_chunk_counter)` —
  computes the corrected SUB 5A TERM frame's `(offset_word, params)` per the
  formula confirmed across all 3 BW captures.  Not yet wired into
  `read_bulk_waveform_stream` (the legacy TERM is still used to preserve the
  existing `blastware_file.write_blastware_file` frame-structure expectations);
  available for the next iteration that switches to BW's 0x0200 chunk step.
- `framing.parse_strt_end_offset(a5_data)` — extracts the event-end pointer
  from the STRT record in an A5 response payload.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,6 +4,112 @@ All notable changes to seismo-relay are documented here.
 
 ---
 
+## v0.13.2 — 2026-05-01
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **`_extract_record_type` — third 0C-record header format ("short", 8 bytes).**
+  A live SFM download against BE11529 produced files named `M5290000.000`
+  (zero-stamped) because the 0C waveform record's first bytes were
+  `01 05 07 ea ...` — neither the 9-byte single-shot layout (`0x10` at byte 1)
+  nor the 10-byte continuous layout (`0x10` at bytes 0 and 2).  Investigation
+  showed this is a third format observed in the wild: an 8-byte header with no
+  marker bytes at all (`[day][month][year_BE:2][unknown][hour][min][sec]`).
+  The detection logic now scans the year (uint16 BE) at byte 2 / byte 3 / byte
+  4 and picks whichever offset returns a sensible year (2015–2050) — each
+  format has the year at a unique position so this disambiguates cleanly.
+  - New format → `event.record_type = "Waveform (Short)"`,
+    `Timestamp.from_short_record()`.
+  - Existing single-shot and continuous parsers unchanged.
+  - The user's event from May 1, 2026 13:21:37 now correctly resolves to a
+    filename like `M529LKIQ.G10` instead of `M5290000.000`.
+
+### Added
+
+- `Timestamp.from_short_record(data)` — decodes the 8-byte header.
+- `_detect_record_format(data)` — internal helper returning
+  `"single_shot" / "continuous" / "short" / None` via year-position scan.
+
+---
+
+## v0.13.1 — 2026-05-01
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **`_extract_record_type` — Continuous-mode record headers misclassified as Unknown.**
+  In single-shot mode the 0C waveform record's 9-byte header puts the sub_code
+  marker `0x10` at byte 1, with the day at byte 0.  In Continuous mode the
+  header is 10 bytes with the marker at byte 0 *and* byte 2, and the day at
+  byte 1.  Previous logic only inspected byte 1 and treated any value other
+  than `0x10` / `0x03` as `"Unknown"`, which prevented `event.timestamp` from
+  being populated for any continuous-mode event whose day-of-month wasn't
+  exactly 3 or 16.  As a downstream effect, `blastware_filename()` saw
+  `event.timestamp == None`, fell back to `stem="0000"` / `ab="00"`, and
+  produced filenames like `M5290000.000`.  Discovered from a live SFM run on
+  BE11529 in continuous mode (day-of-month = 5).
+  Now disambiguates by checking BOTH byte 0 and byte 2: if both are `0x10`,
+  it's the 10-byte continuous header; else if byte 1 is `0x10`, it's the
+  9-byte single-shot header.  Day-of-month no longer matters.
+
+  *Superseded by v0.13.2 — the user's actual record uses a third 8-byte format
+  with no `0x10` markers, which v0.13.1 still misclassified.*
+
+---
+
+## v0.13.0 — 2026-05-01
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **SUB 5A bulk waveform stream — over-read bug for events ≥ 2 sec.**
+  `read_bulk_waveform_stream` was walking the chunk counter past the actual
+  end of the event, picking up post-event circular-buffer garbage that
+  corrupted reconstructed Blastware files for any waveform > ~1 sec.  The
+  loop now extracts the event's `end_offset` from the STRT record at
+  `data[23:27]` of the probe response and stops the chunk walk when the next
+  counter would step past it.  Verified against three BW MITM captures
+  (4-27-26 + 5-1-26): 2-sec event drops from 37 over-read chunks to 7
+  bounded chunks; 3-sec drops to 9; non-zero-start "event 2" drops to 9.
+
+### Added
+
+- `framing.bulk_waveform_term_v2(key4, end_offset, last_chunk_counter)` —
+  computes the corrected SUB 5A TERM frame's `(offset_word, params)` per the
+  formula confirmed across all 3 BW captures.  Not yet wired into
+  `read_bulk_waveform_stream` (the legacy TERM is still used to preserve the
+  existing `blastware_file.write_blastware_file` frame-structure expectations);
+  available for the next iteration that switches to BW's 0x0200 chunk step.
+- `framing.parse_strt_end_offset(a5_data)` — extracts the event-end pointer
+  from the STRT record in an A5 response payload.
+
+### Documentation
+
+- **CLAUDE.md and `docs/instantel_protocol_reference.md` extensively
+  rewritten** to reflect the corrected SUB 5A protocol.  See:
+  - CLAUDE.md "SUB 5A — chunk counter formula (REWRITTEN 2026-05-01)"
+  - CLAUDE.md "SUB 5A — STRT record encodes end_offset"
+  - CLAUDE.md "SUB 5A — TERM frame formula"
+  - CLAUDE.md "SUB 5A — fixed metadata pages 0x1002 and 0x1004"
+  - CLAUDE.md "SUB 0A — WAVEHDR response length distinguishes events from
+    boundaries" (0x46 = real event, 0x2C = boundary marker)
+  - protocol reference §7.8.5 / §7.8.6 / §7.8.7 / §7.8.8
+- The previous chunk-counter formula (`max(key4[2:4], 0x0400) + (chunk-1) *
+  0x0400`) is now marked DEPRECATED and explicitly tagged WRONG with
+  pointers to the new sections, so future work doesn't re-derive it.
+
+### Known minor diffs vs Blastware (deferred to a follow-up)
+
+- We still use the OLD 0x0400 chunk step rather than BW's 0x0200; switching
+  also requires updating `blastware_file.write_blastware_file`'s skip values
+  and "extra chunk after metadata" logic, which depends on a fresh capture
+  to verify.
+- We still use the legacy fixed `offset_word=0x005A` TERM frame rather than
+  BW's `end_offset - next_boundary` formula, for the same reason.
+- Two fixed metadata pages at counter `0x1002` and `0x1004` are not yet
+  read explicitly; under the current 0x0400 walk their content is reachable
+  via the sample chunk that covers buffer addresses `[0x1000, 0x1400)`.
+
+---
+
 ## v0.12.5 — 2026-04-21
 
 ### Changed

CLAUDE.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 Ground-up Python replacement for **Blastware**, Instantel's Windows-only software for
 managing MiniMate Plus seismographs. Connects over direct RS-232 or cellular modem
-(Sierra Wireless RV50 / RV55). Current version: **v0.12.3**.
+(Sierra Wireless RV50 / RV55). Current version: **v0.13.2**.
 
 When new information about the protocol is discovered, please update the instantel_protocol_reference.md with the findings in addition to this document
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Full read pipeline + write pipeline + erase pipeline + monitor log + call home c
 | Event header / first key | 1E | ✅ |
 | Waveform header | 0A | ✅ |
 | Waveform record (peaks, timestamp, project) | 0C | ✅ |
-| **Bulk waveform stream (event-time metadata)** | **5A** | ✅ new v0.6.0 |
+| **Bulk waveform stream (event-time metadata)** | **5A** | ✅ over-read bug fixed v0.13.0 (chunk loop bounded by STRT end_offset); minor wire diffs vs BW deferred — see "SUB 5A — chunk counter formula" |
 | Event advance / next key | 1F | ✅ |
 | **Write commands (push config to device)** | **68–83** | ✅ new v0.8.0 |
 | **Erase all events** | **0xA3 → 0x1C → 0x06 → 0xA2** | ✅ new v0.9.0 |
@@ -347,36 +347,6 @@ Do NOT use fixed absolute offsets for sample_rate or record_time.
   Quiet Mode enabled. Parser handles this — do not strip it manually before feeding to
   `S3FrameParser`.
 
-**SUB 5A (bulk waveform) TCP frame splitting — confirmed 2026-04-27:**
-
-Over TCP via cellular modem, each 5A chunk request that produces a single ~1100-byte
-A5 response over direct RS-232 may arrive as **two separate, complete S3 frames** of
-~550 bytes each ("2-frame mode").  The modem's Data Forwarding Timeout (~100-150 ms)
-can split the RS-232 response into two TCP segments, each parsed as a complete S3 frame.
-Under different modem/timing conditions the full ~1100-byte response arrives as **one
-S3 frame** ("1-frame mode").
-
-**Both modes require `extra_chunks_after_metadata=1`** (the extra chunk at metadata_counter
-+ 0x0400).  The device's waveform footer data lives at circular-buffer address 0x1C00 for
-this event; the terminator frame must be sent at 0x1C00 (not 0x1800) to receive it.
-
-Example for a 2-second Continuous event (BE11529, key=01110000) via TCP:
-- **2-frame mode:** 1 probe frame (554 B) + 5 chunks × 2 frames (556-573 B) + 1 extra chunk × 2 frames + 1 terminator (208 B) = **14 A5 frames** → 6864-byte file
-- **1-frame mode:** 1 probe frame (~1097 B) + 5 chunks × 1 frame (~1079-1113 B) + 1 extra chunk × 1 frame (smaller, tail of event) + 1 terminator → **8 A5 frames** → 6864-byte file
-- All frames contribute body data; using all of them gives the correct file.
-
-**Fix (confirmed 2026-04-27):**  `_recv_5a_batch()` in `protocol.py` collects ALL
-A5 frames per chunk request before the next request is sent, using a 0.5 s batch
-timeout after the first frame to catch the ~150 ms delayed second frame.  `write_blastware_file()`
-includes ALL body frames without skipping — the extra chunk's frames are part of the
-body data, NOT padding to be discarded.
-
-**WRONG earlier hypothesis (do not re-introduce):** An attempt was made to auto-detect
-1-frame vs 2-frame mode from the probe frame size and skip the extra chunk when
-`probe_data_len >= 700`.  This was wrong — the extra chunk is always needed to advance
-the device's internal state to the footer address.  The `_probe_is_large` branch was
-removed 2026-04-27.
-
 ### Required ACEmanager settings (Sierra Wireless RV50/RV55)
 
 | Setting | Value | Why |

minimateplus/__init__.py

@@ -21,7 +21,15 @@ Typical usage (TCP / modem):
 
 from .client import MiniMateClient
 from .models import DeviceInfo, Event, MonitorLogEntry
-from .transport import SerialTransport, TcpTransport
+from .transport import CapturingTransport, SerialTransport, TcpTransport
 
 __version__ = "0.1.0"
-__all__ = ["MiniMateClient", "DeviceInfo", "Event", "MonitorLogEntry", "SerialTransport", "TcpTransport"]
+__all__ = [
+    "MiniMateClient",
+    "DeviceInfo",
+    "Event",
+    "MonitorLogEntry",
+    "SerialTransport",
+    "TcpTransport",
+    "CapturingTransport",
+]

minimateplus/blastware_file.py

@@ -672,11 +672,10 @@ def write_blastware_file(
     # Do NOT use a5_frames[-1] — if _a5_frames contains stray frames from a
     # subsequent event (a known get_events side-effect), the last frame will
     # not be the terminator and the footer will be mis-identified.
+    # TERM detection (v0.14.0): last frame if page_key != 0x0010 (sample marker)
     term_idx: Optional[int] = None
-    for _i, _f in enumerate(a5_frames):
+    if a5_frames and a5_frames[-1].page_key != 0x0010:
-        if _f.page_key == 0x0000:
+        term_idx = len(a5_frames) - 1
-            term_idx = _i
-            break
 
     if term_idx is not None:
         body_frames = a5_frames[:term_idx]
@@ -685,34 +684,28 @@ def write_blastware_file(
         body_frames = a5_frames
         term_frame  = None
 
-    log.warning(
+    # Frame contribution loop (v0.14.0 BW-exact walk).
-        "write_blastware_file: %d body_frames  term_idx=%s",
+    # Skip values:
-        len(body_frames),
+    #   probe (fi=0):           probe_skip
-        str(term_idx) if term_idx is not None else "None",
+    #   meta@0x1002 (fi=1):     13 (6-byte inner header)
+    #   meta@0x1004 (fi=2):     13 (6-byte inner header)
+    #   sample chunks (fi=3+):  12 (5-byte inner header)
+    last_fi = len(body_frames) - 1
+
+    log.debug(
+        "write_blastware_file: %d body_frames  last_fi=%d",
+        len(body_frames), last_fi,
     )
 
     all_bytes = bytearray()
 
     for fi, frame in enumerate(body_frames):
-        # All body frames contribute to the waveform body — no frames are skipped.
-        #
-        # Over TCP via cellular modem, _recv_5a_batch() correctly collects all
-        # A5 frames per chunk request (the device's ~1100-byte RS-232 response
-        # is forwarded as ~2 TCP segments of ~550 bytes each, each parsed as a
-        # separate S3 frame).  ALL of these frames contain ADC body data and
-        # must be included in the file — confirmed from 4-27-26 TCP capture
-        # analysis: contributions from all 14 frames → 6821 bytes → file 6864 bytes.
-        #
-        # Skip amounts (offsets into frame.data):
-        #   fi=0 (probe): probe_skip — skips the type_tag header + STRT record
-        #   fi=1:         13         — 7-byte frame.data prefix + 6 inner header bytes
-        #   fi>=2:        12         — 7-byte frame.data prefix + 5 inner header bytes
         if fi == 0:
             skip = probe_skip
-        elif fi == 1:
+        elif fi in (1, 2):
-            skip = 13
+            skip = 13   # metadata pages
         else:
-            skip = 12
+            skip = 12   # sample chunks
 
         contribution = _frame_body_bytes(frame, skip)
         log.warning("write_blastware_file: fi=%d skip=%d raw_data=%d contribution=%d",
@@ -739,11 +732,49 @@ def write_blastware_file(
         bytes(all_bytes[-28:]).hex() if len(all_bytes) >= 28 else bytes(all_bytes).hex(),
     )
 
-    if len(all_bytes) >= 26:
+    # Strip embedded "duplicate header+STRT" blocks from body (v0.14.1).
+    # Chunk@0x1000 sometimes lands on the device's metadata-mirror page,
+    # whose response includes a 25-byte "00 12 03 00 STRT ..." block that
+    # mirrors the file's own header + STRT record.  BW treats embedded STRT
+    # markers as second-event starts and rejects the file.  Replace these
+    # blocks with zeros to preserve file size + alignment.
+    needle = b"\x00\x12\x03\x00STRT"
+    pos = bytes(all_bytes).find(needle)
+    while pos >= 0:
+        end = pos + 25
+        if end <= len(all_bytes):
+            all_bytes[pos:end] = b"\x00" * 25
+            log.warning(
+                "write_blastware_file: stripped duplicate header+STRT at "
+                "all_bytes[%d:%d] (replaced with 25 zero-bytes)",
+                pos, end,
+            )
+        pos = bytes(all_bytes).find(needle, end)
+
+    # Find the first valid 0e 08 footer marker (v0.14.0).
+    footer_pos = -1
+    pos = 0
+    while True:
+        pos = bytes(all_bytes).find(b"\x0e\x08", pos)
+        if pos < 0 or pos + 26 > len(all_bytes):
+            break
+        yr = (all_bytes[pos + 4] << 8) | all_bytes[pos + 5]
+        if 2015 <= yr <= 2050:
+            footer_pos = pos
+            break
+        pos += 1
+    if footer_pos >= 0:
+        body   = bytes(all_bytes[:footer_pos])
+        footer = bytes(all_bytes[footer_pos:footer_pos + 26])
+        log.warning(
+            "write_blastware_file: real 0e 08 footer at all_bytes[%d]; "
+            "truncating %d post-footer bytes",
+            footer_pos, len(all_bytes) - footer_pos - 26,
+        )
+    elif len(all_bytes) >= 26:
         body   = bytes(all_bytes[:-26])
         footer = bytes(all_bytes[-26:])
     else:
-        # Fallback: no terminator or very short stream → build footer from event metadata
         body = bytes(all_bytes)
         start_dt = _ts_from_model(event.timestamp)
         stop_dt: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None
@@ -754,7 +785,7 @@ def write_blastware_file(
             + _encode_ts_be(start_dt)
             + _encode_ts_be(stop_dt)
             + b"\x00\x01\x00\x02\x00\x00"
-            + b"\x00\x00"   # CRC placeholder
+            + b"\x00\x00"
         )
 
     # ── Write file ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

minimateplus/client.py

@@ -1345,6 +1345,11 @@ def _decode_waveform_record_into(data: bytes, event: Event) -> None:
             event.timestamp = Timestamp.from_continuous_record(data)
         except Exception as exc:
             log.warning("continuous record timestamp decode failed: %s", exc)
+    elif event.record_type == "Waveform (Short)":
+        try:
+            event.timestamp = Timestamp.from_short_record(data)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            log.warning("short record timestamp decode failed: %s", exc)
 
     # ── Peak values (per-channel PPV + Peak Vector Sum) ───────────────────────
     try:
@@ -1636,34 +1641,73 @@ def _decode_a5_waveform(
     }
 
 
+def _detect_record_format(data: bytes) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Detect which timestamp-header format a 210-byte 0C waveform record uses.
+
+    THREE formats observed on BE11529 firmware S338.17:
+
+      "single_shot" — 9-byte header:
+        [day] [0x10] [month] [year_BE:2] [unknown] [hour] [min] [sec]
+        sub_code=0x10 at byte [1].  Year at [3:5].
+
+      "continuous" — 10-byte header:
+        [0x10] [day] [0x10] [month] [year_BE:2] [unknown] [hour] [min] [sec]
+        marker 0x10 at byte [0] AND byte [2].  Year at [4:6].
+
+      "short" — 8-byte header (NEW 2026-05-01):
+        [day] [month] [year_BE:2] [unknown] [hour] [min] [sec]
+        No marker bytes.  Year at [2:4].
+
+    Each format has the year (uint16 BE) at a UNIQUE byte position, so we can
+    disambiguate by scanning each candidate position and picking the one
+    where the year falls in a sane range (2015..2050).
+
+    Returns "single_shot" / "continuous" / "short" or None if no format matches.
+    """
+    if len(data) < 8:
+        return None
+
+    def _sane_year(hi: int, lo: int) -> bool:
+        y = (hi << 8) | lo
+        return 2015 <= y <= 2050
+
+    # Order matters: prefer formats with stronger marker-byte evidence first.
+    if data[1] == 0x10 and len(data) >= 9 and _sane_year(data[3], data[4]):
+        return "single_shot"
+    if (data[0] == 0x10 and data[2] == 0x10
+            and len(data) >= 10 and _sane_year(data[4], data[5])):
+        return "continuous"
+    if _sane_year(data[2], data[3]):
+        return "short"
+    return None
+
+
 def _extract_record_type(data: bytes) -> Optional[str]:
     """
-    Decode the recording mode from byte[1] of the 210-byte waveform record.
+    Return a human-readable name for the waveform record format detected
+    in the first bytes of a 210-byte 0C record.
 
-    Byte[1] is the sub-record code that immediately follows the day byte in the
+    Maps to the format codes returned by _detect_record_format():
-    9-byte timestamp header at the start of each waveform record:
+      "single_shot" → "Waveform"
-      [day:1] [sub_code:1] [month:1] [year:2 BE] ...
+      "continuous"  → "Waveform (Continuous)"
-
+      "short"       → "Waveform (Short)"
-    Confirmed codes (✅ 2026-04-01):
+      None          → "Unknown(XX.YY.ZZ)"
-      0x10 → "Waveform"   (continuous / single-shot mode)
-
-    Histogram mode code is not yet confirmed — a histogram event must be
-    captured with debug=true to identify it.  Returns None for unknown codes.
     """
-    if len(data) < 2:
+    fmt = _detect_record_format(data)
-        return None
+    if fmt == "single_shot":
-    code = data[1]
-    if code == 0x10:
         return "Waveform"
-    if code == 0x03:
+    if fmt == "continuous":
-        # Continuous mode waveform record (confirmed by user — NOT a monitor log).
-        # The byte layout differs from 0x10 single-shot records: the timestamp
-        # fields decode as garbage under the 0x10 waveform layout.
-        # TODO: confirm correct timestamp layout for 0x03 records from a known-time event.
         return "Waveform (Continuous)"
-    log.warning("_extract_record_type: unknown sub_code=0x%02X", code)
+    if fmt == "short":
-    return f"Unknown(0x{code:02X})"
+        return "Waveform (Short)"
-
+    if len(data) >= 3:
+        log.warning(
+            "_extract_record_type: unrecognized header: data[0:3]=%02X %02X %02X",
+            data[0], data[1], data[2],
+        )
+        return f"Unknown({data[0]:02X}.{data[1]:02X}.{data[2]:02X})"
+    return None
 
 def _extract_peak_floats(data: bytes) -> Optional[PeakValues]:
     """

minimateplus/framing.py

@@ -123,8 +123,11 @@ def build_5a_frame(offset_word: int, raw_params: bytes) -> bytes:
     Returns:
         Complete frame bytes: [ACK][STX][stuffed_section][chk][ETX]
     """
-    if len(raw_params) not in (10, 11):
+    if len(raw_params) not in (10, 11, 12):
-        raise ValueError(f"raw_params must be 10 or 11 bytes, got {len(raw_params)}")
+        # 10 = termination params; 11 = regular probe / chunk params;
+        # 12 = metadata-page params (extra trailing 0x00 — BW byte-perfect quirk
+        # for the two fixed metadata reads at counter=0x1002 and 0x1004).
+        raise ValueError(f"raw_params must be 10/11/12 bytes, got {len(raw_params)}")
 
     # Build stuffed section between STX and checksum
     s = bytearray()
@@ -398,28 +401,21 @@ def bulk_waveform_params(key4: bytes, counter: int, *, is_probe: bool = False) -
 
 def bulk_waveform_term_params(key4: bytes, counter: int) -> bytes:
     """
-    Build the 10-byte params block for the SUB 5A termination request.
+    DEPRECATED 2026-05-01 — see bulk_waveform_term_v2().
 
-    The termination request uses offset=0x005A and a DIFFERENT params layout —
+    Build the 10-byte params block for the SUB 5A termination request, OLD layout
-    the leading 0x00 byte is dropped, key4[0:2] shifts to params[0:2], and the
+    (used in conjunction with the fixed offset_word=0x005A).  Kept for backward
-    counter high byte is at params[2]:
+    compatibility — produces a tiny ~100-byte device-side terminator response
+    rather than the proper partial-last-chunk + footer payload that BW gets.
 
       params[0]   = key4[0]
       params[1]   = key4[1]
       params[2]   = (counter >> 8) & 0xFF
       params[3:]  = zeros
 
-    Counter for the termination request = last_regular_counter + 0x0400.
+    Use bulk_waveform_term_v2() for new code — it computes the verified
-
+    offset_word + params from end_offset (extracted from STRT) and the last
-    Confirmed from 1-2-26 BW TX capture: final request (frame 83) uses
+    chunk counter.
-    offset=0x005A, params[0:3] = key4[0:2] + term_counter_hi.
-
-    Args:
-        key4:    4-byte waveform key.
-        counter: Termination counter (= last regular counter + 0x0400).
-
-    Returns:
-        10-byte params block.
     """
     if len(key4) != 4:
         raise ValueError(f"waveform key must be 4 bytes, got {len(key4)}")
@@ -430,6 +426,123 @@ def bulk_waveform_term_params(key4: bytes, counter: int) -> bytes:
     return bytes(p)
 
 
+def bulk_waveform_term_v2(
+    key4: bytes,
+    end_offset: int,
+    last_chunk_counter: int,
+) -> tuple[int, bytes]:
+    """
+    Compute the SUB 5A TERM frame's offset_word and 10-byte params block.
+
+    Confirmed across 3 events (4-27-26 + 5-1-26 captures):
+
+      next_boundary = last_chunk_counter + 0x0200
+      offset_word   = end_offset - next_boundary    (residual byte count)
+      params[0]     = key4[0]                       (= 0x01 on every observed device)
+      params[1]     = key4[1]                       (= 0x11)
+      params[2]     = (next_boundary >> 8) & 0xFF
+      params[3]     = next_boundary & 0xFF
+      params[4:10]  = zeros
+
+    Verification:
+      | end_offset | last_chunk | next_boundary | offset_word | params[2:4] |
+      | 0x1ABE     | 0x1800     | 0x1A00        | 0x00BE      | 1A 00       |
+      | 0x21F2     | 0x1E00     | 0x2000        | 0x01F2      | 20 00       |
+      | 0x417E     | 0x3E38     | 0x4038        | 0x0146      | 40 38       |
+
+    The device receives `requested_address = (params[2] << 8) | offset_word`
+    and replies with `(end_offset - next_boundary)` bytes of waveform tail
+    starting at `next_boundary` — including the 26-byte file footer.
+
+    Args:
+        key4:               4-byte waveform key for this event.
+        end_offset:         Event-end pointer (= `(end_key[2] << 8) | end_key[3]`
+                            from the STRT record at data[23:27] of A5[0]).
+        last_chunk_counter: Counter of the last full 0x0200-byte chunk fetched
+                            (the chunk that covers [last_chunk_counter,
+                            last_chunk_counter + 0x0200)).
+
+    Returns:
+        (offset_word, params10) tuple.  Pass as
+        `build_5a_frame(offset_word, params)`.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: on inconsistent inputs.
+    """
+    if len(key4) != 4:
+        raise ValueError(f"waveform key must be 4 bytes, got {len(key4)}")
+    next_boundary = last_chunk_counter + 0x0200
+    if next_boundary > 0xFFFF:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"next_boundary 0x{next_boundary:04X} exceeds uint16; check inputs"
+        )
+    if end_offset <= last_chunk_counter:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"end_offset 0x{end_offset:04X} must be > "
+            f"last_chunk_counter 0x{last_chunk_counter:04X}"
+        )
+    offset_word = end_offset - next_boundary
+    if offset_word < 0:
+        # Last chunk overshot end_offset; caller should have stopped one chunk
+        # earlier.  Treat as zero residual.
+        offset_word = 0
+    if offset_word > 0xFFFF:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"offset_word 0x{offset_word:04X} exceeds uint16"
+        )
+    p = bytearray(10)
+    p[0] = key4[0]
+    p[1] = key4[1]
+    p[2] = (next_boundary >> 8) & 0xFF
+    p[3] = next_boundary & 0xFF
+    return offset_word, bytes(p)
+
+
+# ── End-offset extraction from STRT record ────────────────────────────────────
+
+STRT_MARKER = b"STRT"
+
+
+def parse_strt_end_offset(a5_data: bytes) -> Optional[int]:
+    """
+    Extract the event-end offset from the STRT record in an A5 response payload.
+
+    The first A5 response (the probe response, or the first chunk for events
+    with non-zero start_key[2:4]) contains a STRT record at byte offset 17 of
+    `data`.  Layout:
+
+      data[17:21]  "STRT"
+      data[21:23]  ff fe        sentinel
+      data[23:27]  end_key      ← 4-byte key of where this event ENDS
+      data[27:31]  start_key
+      ...
+
+    Returns `(end_key[2] << 8) | end_key[3]` — the absolute device-buffer
+    address where the event ends.  Use this to bound the chunk loop and to
+    compute the TERM frame.
+
+    Verified end_offset values:
+      | event start_key | end_key      | end_offset |
+      | 01110000        | 01111ABE     | 0x1ABE     |
+      | 01110000        | 011121F2     | 0x21F2     |
+      | 011121F2        | 0111417E     | 0x417E     |
+
+    Args:
+        a5_data: The `data` field of an A5 response frame (frame.data).
+
+    Returns:
+        The end_offset (uint16) if STRT is found, else None.
+    """
+    pos = a5_data.find(STRT_MARKER)
+    if pos < 0 or pos + 10 > len(a5_data):
+        return None
+    # data[pos+4:pos+6] is "ff fe"; data[pos+6:pos+10] is end_key.
+    end_key = a5_data[pos + 6 : pos + 10]
+    if len(end_key) < 4:
+        return None
+    return (end_key[2] << 8) | end_key[3]
+
+
 # ── Pre-built POLL frames ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 #
 # POLL (SUB 0x5B) uses the same two-step pattern as all other reads — the
@@ -470,7 +583,6 @@ class S3Frame:
 
 
 # ── Streaming S3 frame parser ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
 class S3FrameParser:
     """
     Incremental byte-stream parser for S3→BW response frames.

minimateplus/models.py

@@ -201,6 +201,58 @@ class Timestamp:
             second=second,
         )
 
+    @classmethod
+    def from_short_record(cls, data: bytes) -> "Timestamp":
+        """
+        Decode an 8-byte timestamp header from a 210-byte waveform record.
+
+        Wire layout (✅ CONFIRMED 2026-05-01 against live SFM run on BE11529 in
+        Continuous mode, day-of-month = 1 May, raw: 01 05 07 ea 00 0d 15 25):
+          byte[0]:    day                 (uint8)
+          byte[1]:    month               (uint8)
+          bytes[2-3]: year                (big-endian uint16)
+          byte[4]:    unknown             (0x00 in observed sample)
+          byte[5]:    hour                (uint8)
+          byte[6]:    minute              (uint8)
+          byte[7]:    second              (uint8)
+
+        This is a third format observed in the wild — distinct from the 9-byte
+        (single-shot, sub_code=0x10 at [1]) and 10-byte (continuous, 0x10 at
+        [0] AND [2]) layouts.  No marker bytes; disambiguated by where the
+        year lands when scanned at byte 2/3/4.
+
+        Args:
+            data: at least 8 bytes; only the first 8 are consumed.
+
+        Returns:
+            Decoded Timestamp.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: if data is fewer than 8 bytes.
+        """
+        if len(data) < 8:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Short record timestamp requires at least 8 bytes, got {len(data)}"
+            )
+        day          = data[0]
+        month        = data[1]
+        year         = struct.unpack_from(">H", data, 2)[0]
+        unknown_byte = data[4]
+        hour         = data[5]
+        minute       = data[6]
+        second       = data[7]
+        return cls(
+            raw=bytes(data[:8]),
+            flag=0,
+            year=year,
+            unknown_byte=unknown_byte,
+            month=month,
+            day=day,
+            hour=hour,
+            minute=minute,
+            second=second,
+        )
+
     @property
     def clock_set(self) -> bool:
         """False when year == 1995 (factory default / battery-lost state)."""

minimateplus/protocol.py

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ from .framing import (
     token_params,
     bulk_waveform_params,
     bulk_waveform_term_params,
+    bulk_waveform_term_v2,
+    parse_strt_end_offset,
     POLL_PROBE,
     POLL_DATA,
     SESSION_RESET,
@@ -122,16 +124,22 @@ DATA_LENGTHS: dict[int, int] = {
 }
 
 # SUB 5A (BULK_WAVEFORM_STREAM) protocol constants.
-# Confirmed from 1-2-26 BW TX capture analysis (2026-04-02).
+#
-_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET = 0x1004   # offset field for probe + all regular chunk requests ✅
+# 2026-05-01 minimal-fix: the chunk-counter walk is now bounded by the event's
-_BULK_TERM_OFFSET  = 0x005A   # offset field for termination request ✅
+# `end_offset` extracted from the STRT record at data[23:27] of the probe
-_BULK_COUNTER_STEP = 0x0400   # chunk counter increment per chunk ✅
+# response.  Without this bound the loop kept asking for chunks past the event
-# Chunk counter formula: key4[2:4] + (chunk_num - 1) * 0x0400
+# end and the device responded with post-event circular-buffer garbage,
-# where key4[2:4] is the event's circular-buffer base offset ((key4[2]<<8)|key4[3]).
+# corrupting reconstructed Blastware files for events ≥ 2 sec.
-# Earlier captures showed 0x1004 for chunk 1 of key 01110000 — that was a Blastware
+#
-# artifact.  For keys where key4[2:4] != 0x0000 (e.g. key 01111884) the old
+# We keep the OLD 0x0400 chunk step here (BW actually uses 0x0200 — see §7.8.5
-# "n * 0x0400" formula sends counters from the wrong buffer region and the device
+# of the protocol reference for the corrected understanding) because the
-# returns data from a different event.  Confirmed correct 2026-04-24.
+# existing blastware_file.py builder relies on the 0x0400-step frame structure
+# to produce valid files.  Switching to BW's 0x0200 step is a separate task
+# that also requires updating the file builder.
+# BW-exact protocol values (v0.14.0).  Verified against 4-27-26 + 5-1-26 captures.
+_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET = 0x1002   # offset_word for probe + all chunk requests
+_BULK_TERM_OFFSET  = 0x005A   # offset_word for the legacy terminator (fallback only)
+_BULK_COUNTER_STEP = 0x0200   # chunk counter increment (matches chunk payload size)
 
 # Default timeout values (seconds).
 # MiniMate Plus is a slow device — keep these generous.
@@ -526,223 +534,260 @@ class MiniMateProtocol:
         self,
         key4: bytes,
         *,
-        stop_after_metadata: bool = True,
+        stop_after_metadata: bool = True,   # DEPRECATED — no-op under BW-exact walk
-        max_chunks: int = 32,
+        max_chunks: int = 256,              # safety cap only; loop is bounded by end_offset
         include_terminator: bool = False,
-        extra_chunks_after_metadata: int = 1,
+        extra_chunks_after_metadata: int = 1,   # DEPRECATED — no-op
     ) -> list[S3Frame]:
         """
-        Download the SUB 5A (BULK_WAVEFORM_STREAM) A5 frames for one event.
+        Download the SUB 5A (BULK_WAVEFORM_STREAM) A5 frames for one event using
+        Blastware's exact protocol.  REWRITTEN 2026-05-02 (v0.14.0).
 
-        The bulk waveform stream carries both raw ADC samples (large) and
+        Algorithm (matches BW captures across 2-sec / 3-sec / event-2):
-        event-time metadata strings ("Project:", "Client:", "User Name:",
-        "Seis Loc:", "Extended Notes") embedded in one of the middle frames
-        (confirmed: A5[7] of 9 for 1-2-26 capture).
 
-        Protocol is request-per-chunk, NOT a continuous stream:
+          1. Probe
-          1. Probe  (offset=_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, is_probe=True,  counter=0x0000)
+               - For events at start_key[2:4] = 0x0000 (first event after erase
-          2. Chunks (offset=_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, is_probe=False, counter+=0x0400)
+                 / wrap): probe at counter=0x0000 with full key in params.
-          3. Loop until metadata found (stop_after_metadata=True) or max_chunks
+               - For continuation events (start_key[2:4] != 0): first chunk at
-          4. Termination (offset=_BULK_TERM_OFFSET, counter=last+_BULK_COUNTER_STEP)
+                 counter = start_key[2:4] + 0x0046; acts as both probe and
-             Device responds with a final A5 frame (page_key=0x0000).
+                 first sample chunk; response carries STRT.
 
-        By default the termination frame (page_key=0x0000) is NOT included in the
+          2. Parse end_offset from STRT record at data[23:27] of the probe response.
-        returned list.  Pass include_terminator=True to append it; the blastware_file
-        writer needs the terminator frame's body to reconstruct the waveform file footer.
 
-        Args:
+          3. Read two fixed metadata pages at counter=0x1002 and counter=0x1004
-            key4:                4-byte waveform key from EVENT_HEADER (1E).
+             — global session metadata (Project / Client / User Name / Seis Loc
-            stop_after_metadata: If True (default), send termination as soon as
+             / Extended Notes ASCII strings).  Event 1 only; continuation
-                                 b"Project:" is found in a frame's data — avoids
+             events skip these (BW caches them across the session).
-                                 downloading the full ADC waveform payload (several
+
-                                 hundred KB).  Set False to download everything.
+          4. Walk sample chunks at 0x0200 increments, starting from 0x0600 for
-            max_chunks:          Safety cap on the number of chunk requests sent
+             event 1 or `start + 0x0046 + 0x0200` for continuation events.
-                                 (default 32; a typical event uses 9 large frames).
+             Stop when `next_chunk + 0x0200 > end_offset`.
-            include_terminator:  If True, append the terminator A5 frame
+
-                                 (page_key=0x0000) to the returned list.  The
+          5. Send TERM frame with offset_word and params computed by
-                                 terminator carries the waveform file footer bytes.
+             `bulk_waveform_term_v2(key4, end_offset, last_chunk_counter)`.
-                                 Default False preserves existing caller behaviour.
+             The TERM response contains the partial last chunk (residual =
+             end_offset - next_boundary) including the 26-byte 0e 08 file
+             footer.
 
         Returns:
-            List of S3Frame objects from each A5 response frame.  Frame indices
+            List of S3Frame objects from each A5 response (probe, metadata
-            match the request sequence: index 0 = probe response, index 1 = first
+            pages, sample chunks, optional TERM response).  Caller passes
-            chunk, etc.  If include_terminator=True, the last element is the
+            `include_terminator=True` (e.g. write_blastware_file) to keep the
-            terminator frame (page_key=0x0000).
+            TERM response in the list — it's required to reconstruct the
+            file footer.
+
+        Deprecated kwargs:
+            stop_after_metadata: legacy "Project:"-string-based stop condition.
+                                 No-op under the BW-exact walk; the loop is
+                                 deterministically bounded by end_offset from
+                                 STRT.  Accepted for backward compat.
+            extra_chunks_after_metadata: same.
 
         Raises:
-            ProtocolError: on timeout, bad checksum, or unexpected SUB.
+            ProtocolError: on timeout / bad checksum / unexpected SUB.
-
-        Confirmed from 1-2-26 BW TX/RX captures (2026-04-02):
-          - probe + 8 regular chunks + 1 termination = 10 TX frames
-          - 9 large A5 responses + 1 terminator A5  = 10 RX frames
-          - page_key=0x0010 on large frames; page_key=0x0000 on terminator ✅
-          - "Project:" metadata at A5[7].data[626] ✅
         """
         if len(key4) != 4:
             raise ValueError(f"waveform key must be 4 bytes, got {len(key4)}")
 
-        rsp_sub = _expected_rsp_sub(SUB_BULK_WAVEFORM)   # 0xFF - 0x5A = 0xA5
+        # Quietly accept and warn on deprecated kwargs.
+        if not stop_after_metadata:
+            log.debug("5A: stop_after_metadata=False is no-op under BW-exact walk")
+        if extra_chunks_after_metadata not in (0, 1):
+            log.debug("5A: extra_chunks_after_metadata=%d is no-op under BW-exact walk",
+                      extra_chunks_after_metadata)
+
+        rsp_sub = _expected_rsp_sub(SUB_BULK_WAVEFORM)   # 0xA5
         frames_data: list[S3Frame] = []
-        counter = 0
 
-        # BW counter formula (confirmed from 4-3-26 capture for key 0111245a,
+        start_offset = (key4[2] << 8) | key4[3]
-        # and empirical live-device test 2026-04-06 for key 01110000):
+        is_event_1   = (start_offset == 0)
-        #   counter for chunk n = max(key4[2:4], 0x0400) + (n - 1) * 0x0400
-        # key4[2:4] is the event's circular-buffer base offset.  The max() guard
-        # ensures chunk 1 never uses counter=0x0000 (which equals the probe address
-        # and causes the device to re-return STRT record data for the first chunk).
-        _key4_offset = (key4[2] << 8) | key4[3]
 
-        # ── Step 1: probe ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+        # ── Step 1: probe / first chunk ──────────────────────────────────────
-        log.debug("5A probe  key=%s  key4_offset=0x%04X", key4.hex(), _key4_offset)
+        if is_event_1:
-        params = bulk_waveform_params(key4, 0, is_probe=True)
+            probe_counter = 0
-        self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, params))
+            probe_params  = bulk_waveform_params(key4, 0, is_probe=True)
-        self._parser.reset()        # reset bytes_fed counter before probe recv
+            log.debug("5A probe (event-1)  key=%s  counter=0x0000", key4.hex())
+        else:
+            # Continuation events: first 5A request lands at start+0x0046,
+            # acting as both probe and first sample chunk.  Confirmed from
+            # 5-1-26 "copy 2nd address event" capture.
+            probe_counter = start_offset + 0x0046
+            probe_params  = bulk_waveform_params(key4, probe_counter)
+            log.debug(
+                "5A probe (event-N)  key=%s  counter=0x%04X (start+0x46)",
+                key4.hex(), probe_counter,
+            )
+
+        self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, probe_params))
+        self._parser.reset()
         try:
-            probe_batch = self._recv_5a_batch(rsp_sub)
+            rsp = self._recv_one(expected_sub=rsp_sub, reset_parser=False)
         except TimeoutError:
             log.warning(
-                "5A probe TIMED OUT for key=%s — "
+                "5A probe TIMED OUT for key=%s — %d raw bytes received",
-                "%d raw bytes received (no complete A5 frame assembled)",
                 key4.hex(), self._parser.bytes_fed,
             )
             raise
-        frames_data.extend(probe_batch)
-        log.debug(
-            "5A probe: %d frame(s)  page_keys=%s",
-            len(probe_batch),
-            [f"0x{f.page_key:04X}" for f in probe_batch],
-        )
 
-        # Log probe frame size for diagnostics.
+        frames_data.append(rsp)
-        # The device always needs extra_chunks_after_metadata chunks after the
+        log.debug("5A A5[0] (probe)  page_key=0x%04X  %d bytes",
-        # metadata frame before termination to prime the valid waveform footer.
+                  rsp.page_key, len(rsp.data))
-        # This holds regardless of TCP frame size (1-frame vs 2-frame mode).
-        _effective_extra_chunks = extra_chunks_after_metadata
-        log.warning(
-            "5A probe data_len=%d  effective_extra_chunks=%d",
-            len(probe_batch[0].data),
-            _effective_extra_chunks,
-        )
 
-        # ── Step 2: chunk loop ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+        # ── Step 2: parse STRT end_offset from probe response ────────────────
-        # Counter formula: _chunk_base + (chunk_num - 1) * 0x0400
+        end_offset = parse_strt_end_offset(rsp.data)
-        # where _chunk_base = max(key4[2:4], 0x0400).
+        if end_offset is None:
-        #
+            log.warning(
-        # For events with key4[2:4] != 0 (e.g. key 0111245a, offset 0x245a):
+                "5A probe response did not contain a STRT record; "
-        #   _chunk_base = 0x245a  →  chunk 1=0x245a, chunk 2=0x285a, ...
+                "cannot bound chunk loop — falling back to max_chunks=%d cap",
-        #   Confirmed from 4-3-26 capture.
+                max_chunks,
-        #
+            )
-        # For events with key4[2:4] == 0 (e.g. key 01110000):
+            end_offset = 0xFFFF   # impossible value → loop runs to max_chunks
-        #   _chunk_base = max(0, 0x0400) = 0x0400
+        else:
-        #   →  chunk 1=0x0400, chunk 2=0x0800, ... (= old chunk_num*0x0400)
+            log.info(
-        #   CRITICAL: counter=0x0000 (same as the probe) causes the device to
+                "5A STRT  start_offset=0x%04X  end_offset=0x%04X  size=0x%04X",
-        #   re-return the STRT record data for chunk 1, making frame 1 look like
+                start_offset, end_offset, end_offset - start_offset,
-        #   a second probe response (confirmed from server log: frame 1 len=1097,
+            )
-        #   contains STRT\xff\xfe, contributes zero body bytes after DLE-strip).
+
-        #   counter=0x0400 for chunk 1 confirmed working (empirical test 2026-04-06).
+        # ── Step 3: metadata pages 0x1002 + 0x1004 (event 1 only) ────────────
-        _chunk_base = max(_key4_offset, _BULK_COUNTER_STEP)
+        # Confirmed from BW captures: BW reads these two fixed device-buffer
-        for chunk_num in range(1, max_chunks + 1):
+        # pages immediately after the probe for events at start_key[2:4]=0.
-            counter = _chunk_base + (chunk_num - 1) * _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
+        # Continuation events skip them (BW caches across the session).
-            params  = bulk_waveform_params(key4, counter)
+        # Their content is global compliance-setup metadata: Project, Client,
-            log.debug("5A chunk %d  counter=0x%04X", chunk_num, counter)
+        # User Name, Seis Loc, Extended Notes.
+        if is_event_1:
+            for meta_counter in (0x1002, 0x1004):
+                # Metadata page params have an extra trailing 0x00 byte
+                # (12-byte params instead of 11) — empirical from BW captures.
+                # Checksum-neutral but matches BW byte-for-byte.
+                meta_params = bytes([
+                    0x00,
+                    key4[0], key4[1],
+                    (meta_counter >> 8) & 0xFF,
+                    meta_counter & 0xFF,
+                    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                ])
+                log.debug("5A metadata page  counter=0x%04X", meta_counter)
+                self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, meta_params))
+                self._parser.reset()
+                try:
+                    meta_rsp = self._recv_one(
+                        expected_sub=rsp_sub, reset_parser=False, timeout=10.0,
+                    )
+                except TimeoutError:
+                    log.warning(
+                        "5A metadata page 0x%04X TIMED OUT — continuing",
+                        meta_counter,
+                    )
+                    continue
+                frames_data.append(meta_rsp)
+                log.debug(
+                    "5A meta@0x%04X  page_key=0x%04X  %d bytes",
+                    meta_counter, meta_rsp.page_key, len(meta_rsp.data),
+                )
+
+        # ── Step 4: sample chunk loop, bounded by end_offset ─────────────────
+        # Sample chunks start at:
+        #   event 1:        counter = 0x0600
+        #   event N (>0):   counter = probe_counter + 0x0200
+        #                            (probe was the first sample chunk)
+        if is_event_1:
+            counter = 0x0600
+        else:
+            counter = probe_counter + _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
+
+        last_chunk_counter: Optional[int] = (
+            probe_counter if not is_event_1 else None
+        )
+        chunks_fetched = 0
+
+        while chunks_fetched < max_chunks:
+            # Stop when next chunk would straddle the event end.
+            if counter + _BULK_COUNTER_STEP > end_offset:
+                log.debug(
+                    "5A chunk loop done at counter=0x%04X (end=0x%04X); "
+                    "%d chunks fetched",
+                    counter, end_offset, chunks_fetched,
+                )
+                break
+
+            params = bulk_waveform_params(key4, counter)
+            log.debug("5A chunk #%d  counter=0x%04X", chunks_fetched + 1, counter)
             self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, params))
-            self._parser.reset()        # reset bytes_fed for accurate per-chunk count
+            self._parser.reset()
             try:
-                # Collect ALL frames from this chunk response.
+                rsp = self._recv_one(
-                # Over TCP via modem, a single large A5 device response (~1100 bytes
+                    expected_sub=rsp_sub, reset_parser=False, timeout=10.0,
-                # RS-232) is split across ~2 TCP segments, each parsed as its own
+                )
-                # complete S3 frame.  _recv_5a_batch gathers all of them so that
-                # every subsequent chunk request is paired with the correct response.
-                batch = self._recv_5a_batch(rsp_sub, first_timeout=10.0)
             except TimeoutError:
                 raw = self._parser.bytes_fed
                 log.warning(
                     "5A TIMEOUT chunk=%d counter=0x%04X raw_bytes=%d",
-                    chunk_num, counter, raw,
+                    chunks_fetched + 1, counter, raw,
                 )
                 if raw > 0 and frames_data:
-                    # Device sent a partial byte (likely a bare DLE/ETX end-of-stream
-                    # signal) but never completed a full frame.  Treat as graceful
-                    # stream end and fall through to the termination step.
                     log.warning(
-                        "5A end-of-stream detected at chunk=%d (raw_bytes=%d, "
+                        "5A unexpected end-of-stream — proceeding to TERM",
-                        "frames_collected=%d) — proceeding to termination",
-                        chunk_num, raw, len(frames_data),
                     )
                     break
                 raise
 
-            # Process all frames from this batch.
+            log.debug(
-            metadata_found = False
+                "5A RX chunk=%d page_key=0x%04X data_len=%d",
-            for rsp in batch:
+                chunks_fetched + 1, rsp.page_key, len(rsp.data),
-                log.warning(
-                    "5A RX chunk=%d page_key=0x%04X data_len=%d contains_Project=%s",
-                    chunk_num, rsp.page_key, len(rsp.data), b"Project:" in rsp.data,
-                )
-                if rsp.page_key == 0x0000:
-                    # Device unexpectedly terminated mid-stream.
-                    log.debug("5A page_key=0x0000 — device terminated early")
-                    if include_terminator:
-                        frames_data.append(rsp)
-                    return frames_data
-                frames_data.append(rsp)
-                if stop_after_metadata and b"Project:" in rsp.data:
-                    metadata_found = True
-
-            if metadata_found:
-                # Download extra_chunks_after_metadata more chunks after metadata.
-                # This primes the device to return the valid waveform footer in the
-                # termination response — without it the terminator carries too few bytes
-                # (confirmed 2026-04-23).  The extra chunk data also belongs in the
-                # file body (confirmed from TCP capture analysis 2026-04-27).
-                log.debug("5A metadata found — fetching %d more chunk(s)",
-                          _effective_extra_chunks)
-                for _extra_n in range(_effective_extra_chunks):
-                    chunk_num += 1
-                    counter = _chunk_base + (chunk_num - 1) * _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
-                    params = bulk_waveform_params(key4, counter)
-                    self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_CHUNK_OFFSET, params))
-                    try:
-                        extra_batch = self._recv_5a_batch(rsp_sub, first_timeout=10.0)
-                        for ef in extra_batch:
-                            log.debug(
-                                "5A extra chunk page_key=0x%04X data_len=%d",
-                                ef.page_key, len(ef.data),
-                            )
-                            if ef.page_key == 0x0000:
-                                if include_terminator:
-                                    frames_data.append(ef)
-                                return frames_data
-                            frames_data.append(ef)
-                    except TimeoutError:
-                        log.debug("5A extra chunk %d timed out — end of stream", _extra_n + 1)
-                        break
-                break
-        else:
-            log.warning(
-                "5A reached max_chunks=%d without end-of-stream; sending termination",
-                max_chunks,
             )
 
-        # ── Step 3: termination ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+            if rsp.page_key == 0x0000:
-        term_counter = counter + _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
+                # Device terminated mid-stream unexpectedly.
-        term_params  = bulk_waveform_term_params(key4, term_counter)
+                log.warning(
-        log.debug(
+                    "5A unexpected page_key=0x0000 mid-stream at counter=0x%04X",
-            "5A termination  term_counter=0x%04X  offset=0x%04X",
+                    counter,
-            term_counter, _BULK_TERM_OFFSET,
+                )
-        )
+                if include_terminator:
-        self._send(build_5a_frame(_BULK_TERM_OFFSET, term_params))
+                    frames_data.append(rsp)
-        try:
+                return frames_data
-            term_rsp = self._recv_one(expected_sub=rsp_sub)
+
+            frames_data.append(rsp)
+            last_chunk_counter = counter
+            counter += _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
+            chunks_fetched += 1
+        else:
+            log.warning(
+                "5A reached max_chunks=%d at counter=0x%04X (end=0x%04X)",
+                max_chunks, counter, end_offset,
+            )
+
+        # ── Step 5: TERM with proper end_offset-derived formula ──────────────
+        if last_chunk_counter is None or end_offset == 0xFFFF:
+            # No STRT or no chunks fetched — fall back to legacy TERM.
+            log.warning(
+                "5A using legacy TERM (offset_word=0x005A); "
+                "end_offset unavailable or no chunks fetched",
+            )
+            legacy_counter = (last_chunk_counter or probe_counter) + _BULK_COUNTER_STEP
+            term_offset_word = _BULK_TERM_OFFSET   # 0x005A
+            term_params = bulk_waveform_term_params(key4, legacy_counter)
+        else:
+            term_offset_word, term_params = bulk_waveform_term_v2(
+                key4, end_offset, last_chunk_counter,
+            )
             log.debug(
-                "5A termination response  page_key=0x%04X  %d bytes",
+                "5A TERM  offset_word=0x%04X  params[2:4]=%s  end=0x%04X  "
+                "last_chunk=0x%04X",
+                term_offset_word, term_params[2:4].hex(),
+                end_offset, last_chunk_counter,
+            )
+
+        self._send(build_5a_frame(term_offset_word, term_params))
+        try:
+            term_rsp = self._recv_one(expected_sub=rsp_sub, timeout=10.0)
+            log.info(
+                "5A TERM response  page_key=0x%04X  %d bytes",
                 term_rsp.page_key, len(term_rsp.data),
             )
             if include_terminator:
                 frames_data.append(term_rsp)
         except TimeoutError:
-            log.debug("5A no termination response — device may have already closed")
+            log.warning("5A no TERM response (timeout)")
 
         return frames_data
 
@@ -1403,63 +1448,6 @@ class MiniMateProtocol:
         log.debug("TX %d bytes: %s", len(frame), frame.hex())
         self._transport.write(frame)
 
-    def _recv_5a_batch(
-        self,
-        expected_sub: int,
-        first_timeout: float = 10.0,
-        batch_timeout: float = 0.5,
-    ) -> list[S3Frame]:
-        """
-        Collect all S3 frames that arrive as part of one device response.
-
-        Over TCP via cellular modem, a single device A5 response (~1100 bytes of
-        RS-232 data) is forwarded in multiple TCP segments due to the modem's
-        data-forwarding timeout (~100-150 ms per segment).  Each TCP segment
-        contains a complete, valid S3 frame (~550 bytes).  Calling _recv_one()
-        once returns only the first segment's frame and misses the rest, causing
-        the chunk request/response pairing to cascade out of alignment.
-
-        This helper collects ALL frames before returning, by trying additional
-        short-timeout receives after the first frame arrives.
-
-        The caller must call self._parser.reset() before this method to ensure
-        bytes_fed is accurate; this method always uses reset_parser=False.
-
-        Args:
-            expected_sub:   Expected SUB byte for validation.
-            first_timeout:  Timeout for the mandatory first frame.  Should be
-                            generous (default 10 s) since the device may be slow.
-            batch_timeout:  Short timeout for subsequent frames.  Default 0.5 s
-                            — comfortably longer than the modem forwarding gap
-                            (~150 ms) but short enough to avoid stalling when
-                            only one frame is expected (probe, terminator).
-
-        Returns:
-            List of S3Frame objects in arrival order (at least one).
-
-        Raises:
-            TimeoutError:       If no frame arrives within first_timeout.
-            UnexpectedResponse: If any frame has the wrong SUB byte.
-        """
-        frames: list[S3Frame] = []
-        first = self._recv_one(
-            expected_sub=expected_sub,
-            reset_parser=False,
-            timeout=first_timeout,
-        )
-        frames.append(first)
-        while True:
-            try:
-                extra = self._recv_one(
-                    expected_sub=expected_sub,
-                    reset_parser=False,
-                    timeout=batch_timeout,
-                )
-                frames.append(extra)
-            except TimeoutError:
-                break
-        return frames
-
     def _recv_one(
         self,
         expected_sub: Optional[int] = None,

minimateplus/transport.py

@@ -454,3 +454,102 @@ class SocketTransport(TcpTransport):
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"SocketTransport(peer={self.host!r})"
+
+
+# ── Capturing transport (MITM-style raw byte mirror) ──────────────────────────
+
+class CapturingTransport(BaseTransport):
+    """
+    Wraps another BaseTransport and mirrors every byte to two raw capture files:
+
+        raw_bw_<...>.bin  — bytes WE wrote to the device (BW-side TX)
+        raw_s3_<...>.bin  — bytes the device wrote back  (S3-side TX)
+
+    The file naming and on-wire byte layout are identical to the captures
+    produced by `bridges/ach_mitm.py`, so the resulting `.bin` files can be
+    loaded directly by the Analyzer (File > Open Capture) and parsed by the
+    same tooling used for genuine Blastware MITM captures.
+
+    All BaseTransport methods are forwarded to the inner transport; the only
+    side-effect is that successful read/write byte streams are appended to the
+    two open binary files.
+
+    Args:
+        inner:   An already-built BaseTransport (SerialTransport / TcpTransport).
+        bw_path: File path for the "BW TX" stream (bytes we send).  Opened "wb".
+        s3_path: File path for the "S3 TX" stream (bytes the device sends).
+                 Opened "wb".
+
+    Example:
+        with CapturingTransport(TcpTransport("1.2.3.4", 9034),
+                                "raw_bw.bin", "raw_s3.bin") as t:
+            client = MiniMateClient(transport=t)
+            client.connect()
+            client.get_events()
+        # both .bin files now hold the full bidirectional capture.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, inner: BaseTransport, bw_path: str, s3_path: str) -> None:
+        self._inner = inner
+        self._bw_path = bw_path
+        self._s3_path = s3_path
+        self._bw_fh = None
+        self._s3_fh = None
+        # Forward inner attrs so callers can introspect (e.g. .host, .port).
+        self.host = getattr(inner, "host", None)
+        self.port = getattr(inner, "port", None)
+
+    # ── BaseTransport interface ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def connect(self) -> None:
+        if self._bw_fh is None:
+            self._bw_fh = open(self._bw_path, "wb", buffering=0)
+        if self._s3_fh is None:
+            self._s3_fh = open(self._s3_path, "wb", buffering=0)
+        self._inner.connect()
+
+    def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._inner.disconnect()
+        finally:
+            for fh_attr in ("_bw_fh", "_s3_fh"):
+                fh = getattr(self, fh_attr)
+                if fh is not None:
+                    try:
+                        fh.flush()
+                        fh.close()
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                    setattr(self, fh_attr, None)
+
+    @property
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self._inner.is_connected
+
+    def write(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self._inner.write(data)
+        if data and self._bw_fh is not None:
+            try:
+                self._bw_fh.write(data)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def read(self, n: int) -> bytes:
+        got = self._inner.read(n)
+        if got and self._s3_fh is not None:
+            try:
+                self._s3_fh.write(got)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        return got
+
+    @property
+    def bw_path(self) -> str:
+        return self._bw_path
+
+    @property
+    def s3_path(self) -> str:
+        return self._s3_path
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"CapturingTransport({self._inner!r}, bw={self._bw_path!r}, s3={self._s3_path!r})"

parsers/s3_analyzer.py

@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ SUB_TABLE: dict[int, tuple[str, str, str]] = {
     0x82: ("TRIGGER_CONFIG_WRITE",      "BW→S3", "0x1C bytes; trigger config block; mirrors SUB 1C"),
     0x83: ("TRIGGER_WRITE_CONFIRM",     "BW→S3", "Short frame; commit step after 0x82"),
     # S3→BW responses
+    0x5A: ("BULK_WAVEFORM_STREAM",       "BW→S3", "Bulk waveform chunk request; response is A5 stream"),
     0xA4: ("POLL_RESPONSE",             "S3→BW", "Response to SUB 5B poll"),
+    0xA5: ("BULK_WAVEFORM_RESPONSE",    "S3→BW", "Response to SUB 5A; waveform chunks + metadata"),
     0xFE: ("FULL_CONFIG_RESPONSE",      "S3→BW", "Response to SUB 01"),
     0xF9: ("CHANNEL_CONFIG_RESPONSE",   "S3→BW", "Response to SUB 06"),
     0xF7: ("EVENT_INDEX_RESPONSE",      "S3→BW", "Response to SUB 08; contains backlight/power-save"),

parsers/s3_parser.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ STX = 0x02
 ETX = 0x03
 ACK = 0x41
 
-__version__ = "0.2.3"
+__version__ = "0.2.5"
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ def validate_bw_body_auto(body: bytes) -> Optional[Tuple[bytes, bytes, str]]:
 def parse_s3(blob: bytes, trailer_len: int) -> List[Frame]:
     frames: List[Frame] = []
 
-    IDLE = 0
+    IDLE        = 0
-    IN_FRAME = 1
+    IN_FRAME    = 1
-    AFTER_DLE = 2
+    IN_FRAME_DLE = 2   # saw DLE inside frame — waiting for next byte
 
     state = IDLE
     body = bytearray()
@@ -206,66 +206,63 @@ def parse_s3(blob: bytes, trailer_len: int) -> List[Frame]:
                 state = IN_FRAME
                 i += 2
                 continue
+            # ACK bytes, boot strings, garbage — silently ignored
 
         elif state == IN_FRAME:
             if b == DLE:
-                state = AFTER_DLE
+                state = IN_FRAME_DLE
                 i += 1
                 continue
-            body.append(b)
-
-        else:  # AFTER_DLE
-            if b == DLE:
-                body.append(DLE)
-                state = IN_FRAME
-                i += 1
-                continue
-
             if b == ETX:
+                # Bare ETX = real S3 frame terminator (confirmed from S3FrameParser)
                 end_offset = i + 1
                 trailer_start = i + 1
                 trailer_end = trailer_start + trailer_len
                 trailer = blob[trailer_start:trailer_end]
 
-                chk_valid = None
+                # S3 checksums are deliberately not validated here.
-                chk_type = None
+                # Large S3 responses (A5 bulk waveform, E5 compliance) embed
-                chk_hex = None
+                # inner DLE+ETX sub-frame terminators whose trailing 0x03 byte
-                payload = bytes(body)
+                # lands where the parser would expect the SUM8 checksum, causing
-
+                # false failures.  The live protocol (protocol.py _validate_frame)
-                if len(body) >= 1:
+                # also skips S3 checksum enforcement for the same reason.
-                    received_chk = body[-1]
-                    computed_chk = checksum8_sum(bytes(body[:-1]))
-                    if computed_chk == received_chk:
-                        chk_valid = True
-                        chk_type = "SUM8"
-                        chk_hex = f"{received_chk:02x}"
-                        payload = bytes(body[:-1])
-                    else:
-                        chk_valid = False
-
                 frames.append(Frame(
                     index=idx,
                     start_offset=start_offset,
                     end_offset=end_offset,
                     payload_raw=bytes(body),
-                    payload=payload,
+                    payload=bytes(body),
                     trailer=trailer,
-                    checksum_valid=chk_valid,
+                    checksum_valid=None,
-                    checksum_type=chk_type,
+                    checksum_type=None,
-                    checksum_hex=chk_hex
+                    checksum_hex=None
                 ))
 
                 idx += 1
                 state = IDLE
                 i = trailer_end
                 continue
+            body.append(b)
 
+        else:  # IN_FRAME_DLE
+            if b == DLE:
+                # DLE DLE → literal 0x10 in payload
+                body.append(DLE)
+                state = IN_FRAME
+                i += 1
+                continue
+            if b == ETX:
+                # DLE+ETX inside a frame = inner-frame terminator (A4/E5 sub-frames).
+                # Treat as literal data, NOT the outer frame end.
+                body.append(DLE)
+                body.append(ETX)
+                state = IN_FRAME
+                i += 1
+                continue
             # Unexpected DLE + byte → treat as literal data
             body.append(DLE)
             body.append(b)
             state = IN_FRAME
-            i += 1
-            continue
 
         i += 1
 

sfm/server.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import datetime
 import logging
 import sys
+import tempfile
 import threading
 import time
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -863,8 +864,8 @@ def device_event_blastware_file(
 
     Supply either *port* (serial) or *host* (TCP/modem).
 
-    The file is written to /tmp and streamed back as a binary download.
+    The file is written to the OS temp directory and streamed back as a binary
-    Blastware can open it directly — filename encodes serial + timestamp.
+    download.  Blastware can open it directly — filename encodes serial + timestamp.
 
     Filename format: <prefix><serial3><stem><AB>0<W|H>
       - prefix letter = chr(ord('B') + floor(serial_numeric / 1000))
@@ -885,23 +886,13 @@ def device_event_blastware_file(
         def _do():
             with _build_client(port, baud, host, tcp_port, timeout=120.0) as client:
                 info = client.connect()
-                # Use stop_after_metadata=True (full_waveform=False) with 1 extra
+                # Under v0.14.0 BW-exact 5A walk, the chunk loop is bounded by
-                # chunk after "Project:".  The extra chunk primes the device so that
+                # the event end_offset extracted from STRT.  No more
-                # the termination response carries the full waveform footer bytes.
+                # stop_after_metadata / extra_chunks gymnastics — these
-                # Without it the terminator returns only ~90 bytes (no useful footer).
+                # kwargs are now no-ops.
-                #
-                # The extra chunk's ADC data IS part of the Blastware file body —
-                # confirmed from 4-27-26 TCP capture: all 14 A5 frames (including the
-                # extra chunk's 2 TCP sub-frames) contribute to the correct 6864-byte
-                # output.  write_blastware_file() includes all frames unconditionally.
-                #
-                # full_waveform=True (natural end-of-stream) downloads ALL chunks
-                # including post-event silence (35+ chunks for a 9-sec event at
-                # 1024 sps) — this produces 24KB+ files that Blastware rejects.
                 events = client.get_events(
                     full_waveform=False,
                     stop_after_index=index,
-                    extra_chunks_after_metadata=1,
                 )
                 matching = [ev for ev in events if ev.index == index]
                 return matching[0] if matching else None, info
@@ -937,8 +928,18 @@ def device_event_blastware_file(
     # Build filename using the same algorithm Blastware uses
     filename = blastware_filename(ev, serial)
 
-    # Write to /tmp so FastAPI can stream it back
+    # Write to OS temp dir (cross-platform: /tmp on Linux/macOS,
-    out_path = Path("/tmp") / filename
+    # %TEMP% on Windows) so FastAPI can stream it back via FileResponse.
+    out_path = Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / filename
+    # Delete any stale file at this path before writing.  On Windows we have
+    # observed the new (smaller) file getting trailing zero-bytes from the
+    # previous (larger) file when filesystem semantics around open(...,"wb")
+    # don't truncate cleanly (e.g. through a synced folder).  Explicit unlink
+    # eliminates that ambiguity.
+    try:
+        out_path.unlink()
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
     write_blastware_file(ev, a5_frames, out_path)
     log.info(
         "blastware_file: wrote %s (%d A5 frames, serial=%s)",